Space heating accounted for 62% of the energy finally consumed by households in Türkiye in 2025, according to the Turkish Statistical Institute. Natural gas was the largest energy source at 52.1%, followed by electricity at 19.3% and solid biomass at 13.3%. For people renting or buying a home, the release is a reminder that the heating system and the building envelope can matter more to annual energy demand than summer air conditioning—but the figures describe quantities of energy, not household bills.
Where household energy went
TÜİK measured total household final-energy consumption at 1,382,611 terajoules. After space heating, lighting and electrical appliances accounted for 16%, water heating for 12.7%, cooking for 8.2%, and space cooling plus other uses for 1%. These are nationwide shares for the 2025 reference year; they are not a forecast for an individual flat or villa.
Natural gas dominated heating
Of all natural gas used by households, 74.2% went to space heating, 16% to water heating and 9.8% to cooking. Looking from the heating side, gas supplied 62.3% of the energy used for space heating, ahead of solid biomass at 20% and coal at 16.1%. The mix helps explain why fuel availability and the installed heating system deserve attention during a property viewing.
Electricity was mainly for appliances
Lighting and electrical appliances represented 83% of household electricity use. Space cooling took 5.3% and water heating 4.5%. The dataset therefore should not be read as evidence that cooling is unimportant for every household: climate, floor, orientation, insulation, occupancy and appliance efficiency can move an individual home's profile far from the national average.
A practical housing checklist
Before signing a lease or purchase contract, ask to see recent winter energy bills, identify whether heating and hot water are individual or communal, note the fuel and metering method, and inspect windows, exterior walls and boiler age. In buildings with central heating, request the allocation method and recent common-expense statements. Compare costs over a full year rather than extrapolating from one month.
Solar mattered most for hot water
Natural gas supplied 65.5% of the energy used for water heating, while solar thermal energy supplied 20.5%. That does not mean every solar system will deliver the same saving: tank size, collector condition, backup heater and household demand matter. Buyers should treat the equipment as part of the technical inspection, not merely as a listing feature.
TÜİK Data Portal — search record for Household Final Energy Consumption Statistics, 2025 →
TÜİK Data Portal — methodology and coverage for the household final-energy survey →